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Technical Documents

IThis archive page documents original technical sources relating to the invention of the permanent wave. The collection includes patents, patent drawings, machine descriptions, technical sketches and other documents illustrating the early development of permanent waving technology. All sources are historically documented and continuously expanded.

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Historical Significance

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Original Source

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International Research Project on the Permanent Wave

This website is part of an ongoing historical research project on the development of the permanent wave and the life of Charles Nessler (1872–1951).

The aim of this digital project is to document the history of the permanent wave in a comprehensive and source-based way.

The research includes:

  • biographical milestones

  • historical documents and press sources

  • patents and technical developments

  • international networks within the hairdressing profession

The archive is continuously expanding and based on ongoing research in European and international archives.


View the German archive (nessler-dauerwelle.de)
View Nestlé-LemurCompany (nestle-lemur.com)

Contact us

This research project is made possible by people who are willing to share their knowledge.

Do you have historical documents, photographs, letters, newspaper articles, family records, or personal memories relating to Charles (Karl Ludwig) Nessler, his family, his companies, or the history of the hairdressing profession?

I would be delighted to hear from you. Every piece of information is carefully reviewed and may help preserve the history of Charles Nessler and the development of the permanent wave for future generations.

All information will, of course, be treated confidentially. If you wish, sources, loaned materials, or contributors will be acknowledged in future publications.

Thank you very much for your support.

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